Charlie Chaplin (1889-1977) is best known for his role as "The Tramp," a sad character with a sense of justice who always gets into trouble. This character made him famous, but despite having parents who were both entertainers, Chaplin's success is surprising.
His father died before Chaplin was thirteen and his mother was sent to a mental hospital when he was fifteen. Chaplin spent part of his youth in workhouses and orphanages and quit school at age ten to work full time.
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His big opportunity came with two trips with a theater group in 1910 and 1912 from his native England to the United States and Canada. In 1913, he moved to Hollywood, where he became involved in movies, first as an actor and then as a director. Eventually, he was the first (and possibly the last) person to be in charge of every part of the movie-making process on a single film.
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Chaplin founded his own studio, United Artists, with two other actors and a director.
He produced, cast , directed, wrote the music and words, and edited and acted in his own movies. Chaplin also introduced new special effects, including a train that seemed to race toward the audience. Having never seen this kind of effect before, people were terrified the train would come out of the screen!
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By 1916, Chaplin had onl¡¡y been making movies for three years, but he had become an international star and was paid U.S.$10,000 a week. This made him the highest-paid actor (and possibly the highest-paid person) in the world.
Part of Chaplin's genius was his method of trying every part in a scene.
For example, if a scene featured someone being knocked down by a bicycle, Chaplin would take turns playing the person watching. Whichever was the funniest, he would play that role.
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